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DOCSIS Engineer Blog...
(Disclaimer:
No information or writing on this site should be used as
a basis of buying, investing, or anything else to do with any of
the equipment discussed on this site. The information on this
site is just the opinion of "Slimjim100" and I hold no
guaranties of accuracy.)
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Archive of posts 1 2 3 4 5
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December 28 2006
(11:00AM)
Sorry I have not
updated this page in awhile but here is a new entry. All is
well and I have just finished up getting my Juniper Networks
Certification JNCIA-E and also my Security+ Cert. I
was able to get two certs in two weeks so as you can tell I
have been very busy with studying and preparing for the test
but now it's over and I got the certs. I am unsure of what
the next cert I will go after will be yet. In coming weeks I
will be assisting with some Cisco 10012 UBR PRE2 upgrades
and if anything new comes up I will post it here. So far the
biggest issue I have seen is the "invalid Magic numbers"
error which is basically a file system issue. to fix it
you have to format the flash card. The reason this error
shows up is that the older PRE1 can use an older file system
than the PRE2 so if that older file system is present then
you will have to format the flash before the PRE2 can read
the card. Other issues are more of a "make sure you read the
notes" and follow procedures. Anyway I hope to post again
soon. |
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October 23 2006 (7:45AM)
Well as I have been
working with my companies different cable systems I have
seen a small trend of the Cisco 10012 UBR Router having
issues. This is more of a procedural issues than an IOS
issues but its important to note it here in the hope this
can save others time and stress. Now this issue can pertain
to a lot of different Cisco routers so this is what we seen.
When upgrading the PRE 1's to PRE 2's (this is the
processors) we see an error after the reboot with the new
PRE. The error is "device dose not contain a valid magic
number" what this means is that the router is unable to read
the format on the flash card. Now there can be different
reasons for this but we have found that the routers
supported an older format style and with the PRE upgrade the
new PRE only supports flash cards formatted in it's file
system. To fix this you just have to re-format the flash
card. Now the down side is that when you reformat you lose
al data on the current card so I recommend copying the
start-up config to a TFTP server prior to the upgrade of the
PRE just to make sure you have the current config and are
ready if any issues arise. The only other thing we have seen
is an issue with upgrading or replacing the MC5X20S cards
with MC5x20U cards. If you replace the "S" cards with "U"
cards you will need to copy the running config to a notepad
or TFTP and then run this command "cable power off
<slot/port>" this will power down that slot so you do not
risk damaging the $80,000 5x20 line card. Once you have
installed the new card run this command "cable power on
<slot/port>" and go in and make sure your config is still
intact and if it is not go back to the config info you saved
prior to the upgrade. I hope this info can save someone some
pain and maybe a cal to Cisco's TAC. Well..... that's about
it for now I will post more info as I see interesting things
to pass along. |
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October 12 2006 (10:30PM)
This week was not too
bad... Well I did take off Monday and Tuesday so I really
have only been at work for a few days but it has not been to
bad. I am still working with one of the CMTS vendors to get
stable code but the other vendors platforms have been really
solid. As a technical FYI, I would like to include something
I have found that helps me allot. Below is the explanation
of the different field a cable modem goes though to come
online on a CMTS.
(When Trouble
Shooting it really helps to know what each stage is and
how it affects the next stage in the process. **This Graph
came from
Cisco's website**)
|
MAC State Value |
Description |
|
Registration and Provisioning
Status Conditions |
|
init(r1) |
The CM sent initial ranging. |
|
init(r2) |
The CM is ranging. |
|
init(rc) |
Ranging completed. |
|
init(d) |
DHCP request received. |
|
init(i) |
DHCP reply received and IP address
has been assigned. |
|
init(o) |
The option file (DOCSIS
configuration file) transfer has started. |
|
init(t) |
Time of Day (TOD) exchange has
started. |
|
Non-error Status Conditions
|
|
offline |
The CM is considered offline
(disconnected or powered down). |
|
online |
The CM has registered and is enabled
to pass data on the network. |
|
online(d) |
The CM registered, but network
access for the CM has been disabled through the DOCSIS
configuration file. |
|
online(pk) |
The CM registered, BPI is enabled
and KEK assigned. |
|
online(pt) |
The CM registered, BPI is enabled
and TEK assigned; BPI encryption is now being performed.
|
|
Error Status Conditions |
|
reject(m) |
The CM attempted to register;
registration was refused due to a bad Message Integrity
Check (MIC) value. |
|
reject(c) |
The CM attempted to register; but
registration was refused due to a bad Class of Service
(COS) value. |
|
reject(pk) |
KEK key assignment is rejected, and
BPI encryption has not been established. |
|
reject(pt) |
TEK key assignment is rejected, and
BPI encryption has not been established. |
Here are a few
very Useful commands and explanations on what they do:
Shows
sample output for the summary option for all enabled cable
interface line cards:
Slimjim_Router#
show cable modem summary total
Interface
Total Active Registered
Modems Modems Modems
Cable5/0
746 714 711
Cable6/0
806 764 759
Total:
1552 1478 1470
Shows sample output
for the summary option for all enabled upstreams on a
specific cable interface line card:
Slimjim_Router#
show cable modem summary c5/0 total
Interface
Total Active Registered
Modems Modems Modems
Cable5/0/U0
294 272 271
Cable5/0/U1
256 248 246
Cable5/0/U2
196 194 194
Total:
746 714 711
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the phy option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router# show cable modem
0010.7bb3.fcd1 phy
MAC Address
USPwr USSNR Timing MicroReflec DSPwr DSSNR
(dBmV) (dBmV) Offset (dBc) (dBmV) (dBmV)
0010.7bb3.fcd1
0 25.16 0 0 -----
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the maintenance option for a particular CM:
Slimjim_Router# show cable modem
0010.7bb3.fcd1 maintenance
MAC Address I/F Prim SM Exhausted SM Aborted
Sid Count Time Count Time
0010.7bb3.fcd1
C5/0/U5 1
3 Jun 1 10:24:52 0 Jan 1
00:00:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the connectivity option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router#
show cable modem 0010.7bb3.fcd1 connectivity
Prim 1st time Times %online Online time Offline time
Sid online Online min avg max min avg
max
1 May 30 2000 4 99.85 48:20 11h34m 1d2h23m 00:01 00:59
03:00
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the flap option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router# show cable modem
0010.7bb3.fcd1 flap
MAC Address
I/F Ins Hit Miss CRC P-Adj Flap Time
0010.7bb3.fcd1
C5/0/U5 0 36278 92 0 369 372 Jun 1
13:05:23
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the qos option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router#
show cable modem 0010.7bb3.fcd1 qos
Sfid
Dir Curr Sid Sched Prio MaxSusRate MaxBrst
MinRsvRate Throughput
State Type
3 US act 1 BE 7 2000000 1522 100000
0
4 DS act N/A BE 0 4000000 1522 0
0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the errors option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router#
show cable modem 0010.7bb3.fcd1 errors
MAC Address
I/F CRC HCS
0010.7bb3.fcd1 C5/0/U5 0 0
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the cpe option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router# show cable modem
0010.7bb3.fcd1 cpe
SID Priv bits
Type State IP address method MAC address
1 00 modem up 10.20.113.2 dhcp 0010.7bb3.fcd1
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Shows sample output
for the verbose option for a particular cable modem:
Slimjim_Router#
show cable modem 0010.7bb3.fcd1 verbose
MAC Address
: 0010.7bb3.fcd1
IP
Address : 10.20.113.2
Prim
Sid : 1
Interface : C5/0/U5
Upstream
Power : 42 dBmV (SNR = 10 dBmV)
Downstream
Power : 15 dBmV (SNR = 15 dBmV)
Timing
Offset : 1624
Received
Power : 0.25
MAC
Version : DOC1.0
Capabilities : {Frag=N, Concat=N,
PHS=N, Priv=BPI}
Sid/Said
Limit : {Max Us Sids=0, Max Ds Saids=0}
Optional Filtering
Support : {802.1P=N, 802.1Q=N}
Transmit Equalizer
Support : {Taps/Symbol= 0, Num of Taps= 0}
Number of CPEs
: 0(Max CPEs = 0)
Flaps
: 373(Jun 1 13:11:01)
Errors : 0 CRCs, 0 HCSes
Stn
Mtn Failures : 0 aborts, 3 exhausted
Total US
Flows : 1(1 active)
Total DS
Flows : 1(1 active)
Total US
Data : 1452082 packets, 171344434
bytes
Total US
Throughput : 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
Total DS
Data : 1452073 packets, 171343858
bytes
Total DS
Throughput : 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec
(The Above commands
are from different sections on Cisco's Web site and I have
found them useful to explain daily used trouble shooting
commands)
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October 3 2006 (9:00PM)
I have been real busy
supporting all the different cable systems with technical
advice and design. I have found myself the hub of answers
lately and I am very happy to say I have been able to answer
almost all the request my fellow engineers have asked of me.
I have had question regarding OSPF on Cisco 10012 routers in
conjunction with Juniper edge routers. I have also been
providing answers to questions on the Motorola BSR &
Bigband Cuda CMTS routers. It is amazing how similar the
different vendors routers really are... I have also been
working on technical documentation to assist the sites with
maintenance procedures. Other good news is that we have been
authorized head count to hire another engineer and I hope to
hire a past co-worker. I am not sure if he will be hired as
the choice will be the best candidate but I feel he is so
maybe I will get to work with him again. anyway the only
downside lately has been the commute I make to get to work.
In other news I had a chance to add another article to
ezinearticles.com
here is a link to it.
Well I hope to soon post something more interesting than me
just talking about being happy about my job. As always if
you have any CMTS kind of questions feel free to e-mail me
slimjim100@slimjim100.com
:) |
| September
10 2006 (7:30PM)
Well it's time
for a little trip. I got word that I will have to fly to
Boston area to visit one of my company's vendors to look
over there lab and the test processes they use prior to
releasing code to us. We have had issues lately with one of
the CMTS vendors we use and I was asked to go out to there
lab and see what testing they do and compare it to our
Q&A process. I will also ask them to assist me in making
technical procedure documents I can give out to the field
engineers to make sure there is no question on the proper
ways of doing certain kinds of maintenance. All this work
should help to build stability and reliability in our
network. I think I will be on site for 2 days and then I
will fly back home. Soon I will build a local intranet
portal so all my site engineers will have a forum to speak
about issues they have seen to help other sites find faster
fixes and maybe allow us to become less dependant on the
vendors support. Now I know we will always have to have
maintenance contracts for RMA's and software updates but
it is best if we can share internal knowledge to save time
and stress from the site engineers and allow them the
chance to network with there peers from the other systems. I
will post back here soon with how my little trip goes. |
| August
31 2006 (1:30PM)
Latest news is
an ongoing battle with one of our vendors to get stable
code for a CMTS line. We have had meetings with there
upper management and gotten a lot of promises but soon
time will tell if we get reliable code. My company is not
a 1 vendor shop so we have many different CMTS vendors and
out of the top 3 we use one of them is not delivering
stable code. This is causing issues/outages in some of the
systems and that is just not acceptable with you are selling
voice services. I hope this vendor fixes the issues soon or
we might be face with hard decisions. I have also had the
fun of hearing I might need to fly out to some of the
cable systems to assist in upgrading a few of there
routers as they are so busy and need a newer code to
support some up coming features we plan to push. I do not
like to travel to much but it will be nice to get out and
meet some of the system engineers I chat with on the
phone. I think I have at least 3 site I need to visit so I
should be a little busy here soon. Well I will try to post
again soon. |
| August
17 2006 (1:30PM)
Got some interesting
news. I now have a better idea of all the platforms I have
to support as a DOCSIS Engineer. At this time I have to be
the Subject Matter Expert on Cisco, Motorola, Arris, &
BigBand
CMTS's. This may not sound to hard at first but once you
think about the fact I am supporting over 200 routers on
an average cost of $250,000 each and they support over
20,000+ broadband (data & Voice) customers per CMTS.
The picture starts to from that this is a job for more
than one person. Now please don't take this as I am the
only engineer supporting the devices as every local cable
systems has Engineers but I am the support for the system
engineers once they can not figure out the issue or if
they need help researching things. Well more or less I look into
it and if I am not able to ID the issue real quick I
engage the vendor and make sure this issue is escalated
correctly. I also have to track the Firmware on all the different
routers and insure that all functions the local system
need are supported. I have also been engaged a lot lately
working with one of our CMTS vendors to fix a lot of bugs
our systems have been running into. I am also in the middle
of different
departments and offices with this role. I have to balance
the local systems needs to marketing request, Engineering
request, and operational needs to sustain
customer reliability. With all the different groups
involved we still have to make sure we communicate our demands
to the vendors to get the support and features we need. I really
feel this is going to be a challenge but I am up for
it and this can only make me stronger (or kill me). Till
next post... |
| August
16 2006 (9:15AM)
So far this
new job is going good. The group I am working with is newer and
our mission is still being made. This makes my job real
fun as I am helping to design what my job role will be in
the end. From what I have learned so far I will be
supporting over 20 cable systems with millions of users.
My role is assisting the local systems with Engineering
support by verifying configs, software, setup, trouble
shooting issues and providing procedures for equipment
maintenance. I like the fact that my boss is very responsive
to my skills and dose not try o micro manage me. Currently
I am looking at a plan to visit all the systems I will
support and meeting the engineers I will support and
getting there input on what my group can do to better help
them do there job and maintain there local systems. As I
have said before the worst thing about this job is my
commute which is over 230 miles and that is my fault for
not wanting to move closer to my new work place. Anyway I
hope to keep this blog posted with how this new job works
out. |
| August
9 2006 (11:00AM)
I guess I will
try to keep this blog going but it has now taken a different
turn with my new job. I am now a "DOCSIS Support
Engineer" for all of my companies cable systems. My
new role will have me focusing my time on CMTS's, Modems,
EMTA, and the vendors to make sure there code and devices
are working as they should. I guess this new role makes me
less hands on with the day-to-day running of the CMTS's
but I gain the aspect "The Big Picture" and strengthen
my operational skills. I hope to post on the new changes I
will face. One challenge I face now is a 4 hour commute to
work every day but that was my decision. Wish me luck and hopefully
I will have something worth while to post soon. Right now
I am just adjusting to my new role and trying to learn the
ropes with the new corporate stuff I have. |
| July
27 2006 (2:00PM)
Well I took
the new Job in Atlanta so this might be one of my last
post to this blog or at least it will be updated allot
less. IF you have any MSO, CMTS, or ISP like questions
feel free to e-mail me and we can chat. Wish me luck on my
fun commute to work everyday and I might just end up
moving closer to Atlanta soon. |
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